Azolla is a genus of aquatic ferns that is found all over the world in tropical and freshwater. Depending upon its location, this fern can be either beneficial or a nuisance. The Azolla fern is considered a weed when its rapid growth congests waterwa

There are limits to the color range of flowers, which can be achieved using traditional breeding techniques. Blue pigments, for instance, are lacking from many plants. For a flower to be blue it must contain the pigment delphinidin, and to have this

Hordeumin, a type of novel purple anthocyanin-tannin pigment, was produced from barley bran-fermented broth. The mutagenicity or antimutagenicity of hordeumin was investigated according to the Ames method, an indication of the safety of food, using S

Tannin is a substance found in many different plants. It is notably found naturally occurring in grapes, tea leaves, and oak and it can be found in the skins, seeds, and stems of grapes. Tannins are also a pigment, responsible in large part for the t